Nasopharynx is tumor that occurs in the nasopharynx, which is located behind nose and above the back of throat. Nasopharynx tumor is difficult to detect early. That’s probably because the nasopharynx is not easy to examine and symptoms of nasopharynx mimic those of other more common conditions. The treatment has for nasopharynx tumor will depend on the type and stage of tumor. There are several treatments for nasopharynx tumor:

• Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy is used to treating the tumor and will usual be given to the lymph nodes in the neck. Radiotherapy is the main treatment for nasopharynx tumor. There are two types of radiotherapy that are internal and external therapy. External radiotherapy is given from a radiotherapy machine, much like an x-ray machine. Sometimes, specialized techniques are used, such as intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or three-dimensional IMRT. By this treatment, the high energy rays are shaped very precisely and allow the dose of radiotherapy to be altered in different parts of the treatment area. The aim is to reduce the side effect of treatment. Other than that, internal radiotherapy is given by placing radioactive metal needles or wires close to the tumor under a general anaesthetic. After a few days, the needles or wires are removed.

• Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is the use of anti-cancer (cytotoxic) drugs to destroy tumor cells. Chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal tumor is usually given in combination with radiotherapy (chemoradiation). Chemotherapy may also give if the tumor has spread to other parts of the body.

Other than that, systemic chemotherapy is delivered through the bloodstream to reach tumor cells throughout the body. Common ways to give chemotherapy include an intravenous (IV) tube placed into a vein using a needle, in a pill or capsule that is swallowed (orally), or by injection into a muscle, under the skin, or directly into the cancerous tumor. A chemotherapy regimen usually consists of a specific number of cycles given over a set period of time.

• Surgery

Sometimes, this treatment is used for nasopharynx tumor, but it is not a common treatment choice because the area is hard to reach and lies close to cranial nerves and blood vessels. Surgery is the removal of the tumor and surrounding tissue during an operation. Neck dissections are needed if the tumor has spread to the lymph nodes. A neck dissection may cause numbness of the ear, weakness when raising the arm above the head, and weakness of the lower lip.

NASOPHARYNX TUMOR TREATMENT

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